Covenant Timeline

The covenantal eras that frame where a passage sits in redemptive history.

1. Patriarchal (Promise) c. 2100 – 1800 BC

   Abraham, Isaac, Jacob; covenant of promise; family altars.

2. Egyptian Sojourn & Exodus c. 1800 – 1406 BC

   Joseph to Moses; deliverance; Sinai covenant and the Tabernacle.

3. Conquest & Judges c. 1406 – 1050 BC

   Settlement of Canaan; cycles of apostasy and deliverance; Tabernacle at Shiloh.

4. United Monarchy c. 1050 – 930 BC

   Saul, David, Solomon; Davidic covenant; the First Temple.

5. Divided Kingdom & Prophets c. 930 – 586 BC

   Israel and Judah; the writing prophets; warnings of exile.

6. Exile & Return 586 – 430 BC

   Babylonian exile; return under Persia; Second Temple rebuilt.

7. Second Temple / Intertestamental 430 BC – 4 BC

   Greek and Roman rule; messianic expectation; apocalyptic literature.

8. New Covenant (Grace) c. 4 BC – AD 100

   Life of Jesus; the church; apostolic letters; the new covenant in his blood.